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From the TurfNet NewsDesk

  • John Reitman
    MOUNTAIN VIEW, CALIFORNIA - Tucked into a 750-acre park between two of Northern California's largest landmarks - San Francisco Bay and the massive Google campus - Shoreline Golf Links is as much off the beaten path as is humanly possible in the heart of Silicon Valley. But golfers are doing just fine finding this city-owned course in Mountain View without the aid of an Internet search engine. After all, 70,000 rounds a year don't lie.   Golfers can play the course for about 50 bucks on weekends and 40 during the week. That said, Shoreline has one of America's priciest addresses, where neighbors include Hewlett-Packard, AOL, LinkedIn, Apple and Stanford University.   The course was designed by Robert Trent Jones Jr. of nearby Palo Alto and built in 1983 on a capped landfill. Besides occasional cracks in the surface that can result in methane leaks and parts of the course sagging due to settling layers of trash beneath the surface, there are a host of chronic challenges that could be a great source of stress for any superintendent.   The city's recycled water source is so dirty that cutting it with potable barely makes it acceptable for use on the golf course; rapid blight has appeared as the disease du jour on Shoreline's ryegrass; an army of protected ground squirrels have turned the property into a veritable ant farm; and the course, at first glance, appears to have more geese than Saskatchewan. Throw in the fact that superintendent Matt Wisely still is in his first six months on the job, and it's all enough to keep even the most seasoned superintendent awake at night.    Make no mistake, Wisely is sleeping just fine these days, but if he does have the occasional sleepless night, it's not because of anything at the golf course.   "When something happens here, I ask myself if it's a matter of life or death," Wisely said. "If it's the grass, you can always get grass to grow back."   Besides, Wisely has more important things on his mind. Things that aren't grass, and things that don't "grow back."   Two years ago, when he was superintendent at El Mecero Country Club in Davis, California, Wisely noticed his hands were becoming uncomfortably warm while he worked outside on the golf course and he began suffering from blurred vision. After several visits to the doctor and multiple MRIs, Wisely eventually received a diagnosis no one wants to hear: relapsing and remitting multiple sclerosis.    "My whole life at work has changed," he said. "I don't stress about anything. I can't.   "When something goes wrong, I'm the first person to get help and call for reinforcements. I will not stress about work."   For the first year after his diagnosis, Wisely injected himself daily with Copaxone, a synthetic protein that suppresses inflammation and stimulates the myelin that protects the nerves. Nowadays, he still self-treats with Copaxone three times a week and takes one pill per week that delivers 50,000 mg (yes, 50,000) of Vitamin D.  
    My whole life at work has changed. I don't stress about anything. I can't."
     
    Doctors have told him that although the symptoms only manifested recently, RRMS likely is something he has been carrying for years, and like a weed in the fairway, has been festering in hiding, waiting for the opportune moment to surface. To date, his treatment plan has kept his symptoms in check.    It has been said that a golf course superintendent cannot be successful on the job without the support of an understanding spouse. That goes double for Wisely, even when that spouse is a golf pro.   Wisely's wife, Kim Stevens, who is an LPGA teaching professional in the Silicon Valley, has been a pillar of support for her husband, both on the golf course and at home.    "When the doctor told him it was multiple sclerosis, I didn't even know what it was. I just knew it wasn't good," Stevens said.   "When I heard it, I just said 'OK, now what do we do? We're a team, let's figure this out.' "   The owner of Silicon Valley Golf Performance Center, Stephens contracts her services to several golf facilities throughout the South Bay area, including Shoreline and Summitpointe Golf Club in Milpitas. It was there at Summitpointe, in 2002, where the couple met. Wisely was the assistant superintendent and Stephens, who was conducting clinics on a roughshod practice range, needed the help of the maintenance staff, or she might be out of a job.   "The driving range was awful. People were tripping and falling," Stevens said. "I had to make friends with the superintendent and the assistant, because they were the ones who were going to fix it for me.   "I learned early on that to get what I needed and not get fired I needed to befriend them. From that day on, the superintendent was always the first person on the property that I wanted to meet, get to know and befriend because they are the ones who make my life easier."   The couple will celebrate their anniversary on New Year's Eve, 11 years after they were wed on Summitpointe's 16th tee.   So much for superintendents and golf pros not getting along.   "She says we have a symbiotic relationship," said Wisely. "She teaches people to tear up the golf course, and I fix them."   Fixing golf courses is one thing. Stressing over the work is another for Wisely, who still is getting to know all of Shoreline's nuances.   "I'm still learning this place," he said.    "For the first six months, I've been drinking from the firehose. Everything has hit me all at once. I'm just trying to make sure conditions are as consistent as possible."   That's easier said than done.   The city buys reclaimed water from Palo Alto that Wisely cuts it with potable before throwing it down on the course. Even then, impurities are running at about 300 ppm thanks to saltwater intrusion from the bay into Palo Alto's aging water lines.   
    When the doctor told him it was multiple sclerosis, I didn't even know what it was. I just knew it wasn't good. When I heard it, I just said 'OK, now what do we do? We're a team, let's figure this out.' "
     
    To keep salts and bicarbonates moving through the system, Wisely aerates once a month with needle tines and flushes the greens.   "We're trying to get it down as much as we can," he said. "We're never going to get it to zero. We have no control over what they are sending us.    "We aerate as much as possible to keep water moving through profile, and we use a lot of gypsum and calcium, and we flush every month to keep that salt moving down. It doesn't seem to matter what we do, it's always there."   Balancing water needs in areas that are out of play is not as easy at this Touchstone Golf property as it might be elsewhere. If the surface gets too dry it can crack, allowing methane to escape into the air, so Wisely still must irrigate large swaths of land where golfers rarely tread. If he puts down too much, the trash layer underneath can break down prematurely, leading to settlement issues and collapsing greens and fairways.   "If the trash gets wet, it breaks down faster, then we get more settlement issues," Wisely said. "That can lead to more methane development and cause underground fires. We have to keep standing water to a minimum."   There are many other challenges as well. On the surface, rapid blight on the primarily Poa annua greens is the most destructive of a pallette of diseases that also includes Waitea patch and anthracnose. With about 70,000 patrons per year coming through the door, Shoreline is subject to a tremendous amount of traffic, but not all of it is from golfers. Geese, coots and ground squirrels have the run of the property, and visitors to the park walk the course, and not just on the cart paths, they walk the fairways.   Geese and hundreds of ground squirrels that populate the property have taken over in such numbers that each is oblivious to the other. But the squirrels are only part of the problem.   Protected by the state, the Western Burrowing owl is a lazy opportunist that prefers to freeload inside the ready made quarters created by the squirrels, thus making the squirrels protected as well. Wisely is permitted to trap as many as 300 squirrels per year and relocate them unharmed to remote parts of the park, but they are prolific breeders, so transferring a few hundred per year does little to put a dent in the population. The end result is a seemingly endless supply of the subterranean ne'er-do-wells.     Constrained by the state, Wisely dismisses them as part of territory. Besides, since receiving his diagnosis, he, as much as anyone, has learned the value of the axiom live and let live.   "Squirrels are all over the place, and geese are crapping all over the place. I can't lose sleep over it," Wisely said. "It makes it interesting to have a problem like rapid blight and not stress about it."   The most common form of multiple sclerosis, RRMS is a neurological disease in which neuromuscular attacks are followed by periods of inactivity or remission that can last varying amounts of time. Wisely knows he has been fortunate that his medication has kept the symptoms at bay. He also knows he's guaranteed nothing, so he stays active to promote a healthy lifestyle and to increase muscle tone in the event the disease progresses.   "He's not in a wheelchair. It's sensory, not muscular, so he's dodged a bullet there," Stevens said. "It's about staying positive and doing everything possible to stay healthy, and he knows that."  
  • MONTEREY, CALIFORNIA - One of the most significant moments in Armen Suny's career occurred at one of the most unexpected of times.
      The moment occurred during the 1981 U.S. Open at Merion Golf Club, where Suny, fresh out of Penn State, was working as an assistant superintendent under Richie Valentine, who directed him to give a cart ride to a USGA official. During that ride, Suny, now an entrepreneur and search executive for the golf industry, introduced himself to then-USGA executive director Frank Hannigan and asked for a letter of recommendation.   Two years later, Suny used that recommendation to secure the head superintendent position at Cherry Hills Country Club near Denver, where he would be the host superintendent during the 1985 PGA Championship.   The letter, Suny said, read "I don't know if he can grow grass, but he can host the U.S. Open," Suny told a room filled with aspiring superintendents at the 16th annual Northern California Golf Association Assistant Superintendent Bootcamp in Monterey and Pebble Beach.   "That cart ride changed my life," said Suny, now search director at the executive search firm of Kopplin Kuebler and Wallace. "Who knows where I'd be know."   The true meaning behind Suny's "back when I was your age" story was simple: "You have an opportunity to impress someone every day with what you do," Suny told the group. "Distinguish yourself as an assistant. Make yourself stand out."   The NCGA bootcamp, held annually in Monterey and Pebble Beach, is a career-development program specifically for assistant superintendents and interns. This year was Suny's first time speaking at the event, and he knows a thing or two about standing out in a crowd.    After spending nearly two years at Cherry Hills, his career included being named vice president of agronomy and tournament director at Castle Pines Golf Club and general manager at Shadow Creek. Today, aside from his duties at Kopplin Kuebler & Wallace, he is sole owner or partner in two other business ventures.   Last year, his firm placed more than 70 professionals in the golf industry, including superintendents, head pros and general managers. With hundreds of job candidates vying for these positions, he sees a lot of good applications - and a lot of bad ones.   He warned bootcamp attendees that a poorly written resume can land in the cylindrical file very quickly.   "How does your resume start? With a career objective that says 'I want to be a superintendent.' No s***. I already know that. Start with the kind of person you are, your traits, your core values," Suny said. "Search committees see hundreds of resumes, and if they see the same career objective, what do you think they're going to do?"   A common mistake among superintendents, Suny said, is to dedicate a lot of space to information other superintendents might find interesting. That, however, is not writing to the correct audience.   "You're trying to sell yourself to a committee," he said. "Superintendents talk about renovation experience. Do you know what members think about renovations? It costs them money, and they can't play golf. If the first thing you talk about is a renovation, that's a loser."   Instead, steer the conversation to what is important to members of the search committee.  
    We have a guy who is a former club manager who worked for the treasury department. If you don't think he can find that you got picked up in college because you were drunk, you're wrong, he'll find you. If you think you can lie about your education, you're wrong, because he's checking. And if you've done something worse than that, he's all over you."
     
    "First thing, talk about how you present the golf course in great condition every day," he said. "That's going to get their attention."   That was simple advice that Daniel Quinn, assistant at Round Hill Country Club in Alamo, California, took to heart.   "This was eye-opening. He knows what goes on in an interview," Quinn said. "I've discovered that I have to prepare for an interview more than I thought I did."   Making enough of an impact with a resume to get an interview is one thing. What to say - and what not to say - during an interview is another matter entirely.   Suny stalked the attendees, firing out hypothetical questions they might hear from club boards and committees in an interview.   "How fast are the greens going to be?" he asked the crowd.    After listening to several in the audience struggle for a response that probably would get them jettisoned from an interview, Suny offered some advice.   "When you get an interview, it's important to walk the course first," he said. "That will tell you a lot.   "You could answer that question with something like: 'Let me talk about the agronomic things I saw on the course. I know you have thatch and black layer, so we need to straighten out those agronomic issues before we start dialing in the putting greens, and here's how we're going to do that.'   "Boom! Now you've taken control of the interview. You have to be able to hit these guys with good answers on this stuff. Otherwise, they'll chew you up, spit you out and move on to the next person."  
    You have an opportunity to impress someone every day with what you do. Distinguish yourself as an assistant. Make yourself stand out."
     
    That message made an impact on Ben Genest, the second assistant at Pasatiempo Golf Club in Santa Cruz, who was attending his first bootcamp.   "He pointed out a lot of things you have to accomplish in an interview; simple things that you might look back on and say 'I should have done this, and this, and this," Genest said. "He gave a real-world look at the golf industry."   It is important, Suny said, be yourself and be honest throughout the interview process. Many employers conduct background checks, including KK&W, which checks out everyone it interviews, he said.   "We have a guy who is a former club manager who worked for the treasury department," Suny said. "If you don't think he can find that you got picked up in college because you were drunk, you're wrong, he'll find you. If you think you can lie about your education, you're wrong, because he's checking. And if you've done something worse than that, he's all over you."   Many assistants might be too intimidated to apply for some jobs, thinking they have to start out small and work their way up. That's a misconception, Suny said.    "Every club we work with is looking for a leader; someone who will take them to the promised land," he said. "In half the searches I do, committees want to see the top assistants. It's not about money. It's about who is the best fit for that job."   Finally, when the interview is over, above all else Suny said he would like to see more candidates actually "ask" for the job they are seeking.   "When a sales guy comes in, does he ask for the sale? Every good salesperson asks for the sale," he said. "If you take away one thing from this, ask for the job and explain why you are the best person for the job. It's powerful, and nobody does it."
  • As water becomes increasingly more valuable as a commodity, pressure to use it wisely and efficiently will continue to mount.
      A recent study shows that using a surfactant during seeding can promote seed germination and improve turf establishment and growth with minimal irrigation.   Research conducted at the Eastern Oregon Agricultural Research Center has shown that tall fescue and perennial ryegrass seedlings, grown in growth pots, germinated faster and were more synchronously when the seeds were treated with a nonionic, block copolymer surfactant, compared with untreated seeds.   The research team monitored the effect of surfactant film coating on time needed to achieve 50 percent germination, mean germination time, difference between time to 90 percent and 10 percent germination and final germination percentage at three temperatures - 10, 20 and 30 degrees Celsius (50, 68 and 86 degrees Fahrenheit) - for both turf species.   According to the results, for both species the time to 50 percent germination was decreased by a day for both turf species at the low and high temperatures, but not at 20 degrees Celsius.   "Interestingly, a (surfactant film coating) was most effective at improving germination at suboptimal (10 degrees C) and supra-optimal (30 degrees C) germination temperatures for cool-season turfgrass," concluded study co-author Matthew Madsen, Ph.D., of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. "These results may indicate that a SFC treatment could have particular utility in extending the window turfgrass can be planted during the year."   The authors, who also included Mike Fidanza, Ph.D., of Penn State University, and Stan Kostka, Ph.D., of Aquatrols, concluded that the establishment experiment showed that a surfactant film coating treatment can enhance emergence and plant growth under a less than optimal irrigation regimen, which could help to conserve limited water supplies and enhance urban landscapes by lowering water requirements for establishing new turfgrass.   The researchers wrote that "in addition to a soil treatment, nonionic surfactants can have a direct effect on plant physiological functions with results varying with surfactant chemistry and application rate. Low concentrations of nonionic, block copolymer surfactants can be beneficial for stimulating tissue growth and enhancing cell viability in plant tissue culture media.   The study, which was published in HortTechnology in August also showed that biomass and ground cover of perennial ryegrass was nearly 50 percent greater than the untreated control when watered weekly to 70 percent of field capacity. Soil water content had decreased to 10 percent-30 percent between between waterings. Throughout the study, tall fescue density and cover was between 20-30 percent greater where seeds were subjected to a surfactant film coating compared with the untreated control.   "This is the first study to demonstrate that a low-dose application of nonionic surfactant applied directly to seed as a component of a seed treatment was effective at increasing seed germination rate and synchrony," Madsen wrote.   "These results may indicate that a SFC treatment could have particular utility in extending the window turfgrass can be planted during the year. It can be advantageous to plant turfgrass seeds during periods of the year that are not optimal for seed germination such as early spring."
  • For professional turf managers seeking a wide-area mower that helps minimize maintenance without sacrificing performance, Jacobsen has introduced the HR600 rotary mower.   With individual hydraulic deck motors with self-lubricating integral bearings, a fully sealed rear axle, and parking brakes integrated into the front wheel motors, the HR600 can help operators save up to 50 hours of annual routine maintenance.   Powered by a 65.2 horsepower Kubota diesel engine that is paired with an 11.4-foot-wide cutting width, the HR600 has a cutting capacity of up to 13.8 acres per hour.   The H600 features the InCommand console with onboard diagnostics for quick and easy troubleshooting. New SureStrength decks constructed with high-strength, high-performance steel deliver greater durability in a lighter design.   The new AdaptiCut system automatically adjusts mowing speed to ensure a consistent cut even through the thickest grass.   Built with operator safety in mind, the HR600 exclusively features Tilt Sensor Technology to automatically monitor slope angles and alert operators when nearing unsafe mowing conditions.   A ROPS-certified, climate-controlled cab with air-suspension heat is optional.   The HR600 comes on the heels of the HR700 and HR800 wide-area mowers that were released earlier this year.
  • No one can accuse Jim Schmid of standing idly by and waiting for someone else to take up the fight on behalf of water users in his community and his profession.    Director of operations at The Lakes Country Club in Palm Desert, California, where he oversees a golf course and a massive homeowners association, Schmid is one of four people running for the hotly contested District 2 seat on the Coachella Valley Water District board of directors.   On Nov. 8, voters in the CVWD's District 2 will choose one representative from a list that also includes incumbent Ed Pack, Anthony Bianco and Sergio Nunez.   A longtime member of the CVWD's Golf and Water Task Force, that, according to the district, is "committed to reducing the amount of water used by golf courses in the Coachella Valley," Schmid began attending district meetings about two years ago. Although he says he's never harbored any political ambitions, he considered running for a board seat after taking a closer look at the credentials of sitting board members, including Pack who is a retired fire prevention officer.   "I watched the process and deliberations, and it occurred to me that none of them really have a strong background in golf or HOA management," Schmid said. "And their policies affect golf courses and HOA operators."   The District 2 race has elevated beyond the scope of a simple local election. According to The Desert Sun, a Palm Springs-based newspaper, candidates running for water district seats rarely raise more than a few thousand dollars for their respective campaigns.   Schmid, who has established a web site in support of his campaign, says he has raised about $22,000. Bianco, a farmer from Palm Desert, has raised about $87,000, much of which has been donated from supporters living outside District 2.   "There are about 100 golf courses in the Coachella Valley, and one water district oversees all of them. Since getting in this, I've learned that golf is absent from the political process," Schmid said. "Ag is very involved and has a lot of money. When the person in my district was up for re-election, it dawned on me that somebody has to do this."   Coachella Valley has several water sources, including the Colorado River, recycled and groundwater. The golf course and grounds throughout The Lakes HOA utilize recycled water for irrigation purposes, but the 902 condominium units in 225 buildings and 44 pools use a lot of potable water.   Hot-button issues for voters include reducing water use further, extending the recycled water pipeline to the western edge of the valley and developing an equitable way to spread the rising cost of water in light of revenue shortfalls at CVWD caused by reduced use. Also on the minds of voters is how new regulations limiting the amount of Chromium 6 in drinking water derived from groundwater.   A New York native who earned a bachelor's degree in economics from SUNY Binghamtom and a turf certificate from Rutgers, Schmid says he wants the district to take a closer look at how it raises revenue to cover losses caused by water conservation and the costs associated with meeting the Chromium 6 standard. About two-thirds of the valley's golf courses are on recycled water, and Schmid also has said he wants to help more of them onto recycled or Colorado River sources.   The Sun's editorial board endorsed Schmid on Oct. 19.   "Schmid, director of operations at The Lakes Country Club in Palm Desert, showed he has the depth of knowledge and thoughtfulness to be a good representative not only of Division 2 covering Palm Desert and Thousand Palms, but of all of CVWD clients," the paper said.   "Every sector of California is going to have to continue to reduce water use moving forward," Schmid said. "I want to help the board structure policies in a way that can move us in the right direction without bringing business to a screeching halt. I want to make sure we are getting a fair shake.   "It's not just my profession, it's my community. I live here, and I am raising a family here, and these issues affect everyone."  
    A participant in this year's We Are Golf summit in Washington, D.C., to represent the interests of the golf industry, Schmid encourages other superintendents to get involved in local issues as much as possible.   "One of the things that resonated with me is that I thought we had a better opportunity to be more effective at the local level," he said. "A lot of the decisions that affect golf, zoning concerns, environmental concerns and water concerns, are regulated at the local level, and a little bit of input can go a long way.One of things resonated with me, thought we had a better oppty to be more effective at the lcoal level, alot of decisions on golf, zoning concerns, env concerns, water concerns, are reg at the local level and a little bit of input can go a long way."

  • Good to the last drop

    By John Reitman, in News,

    Golf course superintendents throughout California know they have to get all they can from every drop of water available to them - which at times isn't much. Researchers at the University of California Riverside are working to find ways that will help turf managers from throughout the state and across the country tap into even more smart water-use habits.
     
    Researchers from UCR provided a glimpse into some of that work at this year's Turf and Landscape Field Day held in September at the university's turfgrass research facility.
     
    Preliminary findings from that research, conducted by Marco Schaivon, Martino Cuccagna, Katarzyna Jagiello-Kubiec and Jim Baird, Ph.D., indicated that adequately fertilized Bermudagrass can be managed with less water under a program that includes regular applications of Revolution, a wetting agent from Aquatrols, and Syngenta's Primo Maxx plant-growth regulator.
     
    According to the material presented during this year's field day, researchers applied a combination of Primo Maxx (0.25 ounces per 1,000) and Revolution (6 ounces per 1,000) or Revolution alone to Princess 77 Bermudagrass plots under six fertilizer programs. Identical sets of plots received irrigation at 40 percent of ET and 70 percent of ET.
     
    Ratings were collected on 14 dates from mid-May through Mid-August.
     
    According to the preliminary results, "all ratings collected at the beginning of the study showed that Bermudagrass was significantly affected by lack of N fertilization. However, grass recovered quickly after the first application of N, and no differences between ET replacements were found until the beginning of July. Plots treated with Revolution achieved a sufficient rating of 6 or higher for two months even when irrigated at only 40 percent of ET. After July 8, no plots irrigated at 40 percent of ET achieved acceptable quality, although plots treated with Revolution, alone or in combination with Primo Maxx, showed consistently better quality of plots than those that did not receive Revolution. At 70 percent ET, plots that received both Primo Maxx and Revolution had higher visual quality in comparison to all the other treatments on four ratings dates, including during the entire month of August."
     
    The researchers concluded that "maintaining sufficient fertilization (5 pounds per 1,000 per year on Bermudagrass) and regular use of Primo Maxx and Revolution are the most powerful tools to manage Bermudagrass with less water."
     
    The study is ongoing.
     
    Revolution is the market's only commercially available modified methyl capped block copolymer wetting agent. Because of its molecular structure, Revolution is hydrophilic, or water-loving, which influences how it bonds to hydrophobic coatings that cause water repellency, according to a paper written by the late USGA Green Section agronomist Stan Zontek.
     
    Revolution's properties also have been shown to affect turf density and recovery in spring, said Stan Kostka, Ph.D. of Aquatrols.
     
    Other ongoing research on Revolution's properties is being conducted at the University of Arkansas, and research in Holland suggests it can enhance the conversion of organically bound nitrogen.
     
  • The recent sale of 10 Seattle-area golf courses to a Chinese investment firm might reflect more positively on the vigor of that country's leisure travel market than it does a beleaguered U.S. golf economy.    According to a news release by HNA Holdings, the company has agreed to buy 10 courses at eight locations in metro Seattle from OKI Golf for $137.5 million, citing "the continuing growth in the number and spending of high-net-worth outbound tourists from the (People's Republic of China)."   HNA also hinted that it might be looking to expand its U.S. portfolio beyond Seattle, which HNA Holdings executive director Xu Haohao called "a natural gateway into the American golf course market."   The sale includes two courses at The Golf Club at Newcastle, two at the Golf Club at Hawks Prairie in Lacey, Washington National Golf Club in Auburn, The Golf Club at Redmond Ridge, Trophy Lake Golf and Casting in Port Orchard, Harbour Pointe Golf Club in Mukilteo, The Plateau Club in Sammamish and Indian Summer Golf and Country Club in Olympia.   Washington National (shown at top) is the home course to the University of Washington men's and women's golf teams.   Based in Bellevue, Washington, Oki Golf will continue to operate all 10 courses through a lease deal that pays HNA $7.1 million annually. Oki Golf was started in 1994 by former Microsoft executive Scott Oki who is credited with building the software giant's international division. The company at one time owned 11 golf courses, but now only manages the 10 properties for HNA.   HNA Holdings, which owns at least one golf course in China, is a division of HNA Group, the parent company of China's Hainan Airlines. HNA Group, a Forbes Global 500 firm, also recently bought the Carlson-Rezidor hotel group that includes familiar brands like Country Inn & Suites and Radisson.   Chinese tourism is booming, and the United States is a prime benefactor. Nearly 2 million tourists from China visited the U.S. last year, and that number is expected to exceed 3 million by 2019, according to the U.S. Department of Commerce.   The U.S. golf economy, which has struggled for a decade, needs any help it can get. Since 2006, there has been a net loss of more than 900 golf courses in the United States, a number that is expected to increase over the next several years, according to the National Golf Foundation.  
  • The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has granted label registration to Pinpoint Fungicide from Nufarm.   With the active ingredient mandestrobin, Pinpoint is a new strobilurin (QoI) fungicide registered for controlling dollar spot in turfgrass. Pinpoint optimizes disease-management programs for golf course superintendents and lawn care operators by providing consistent turf quality throughout the season while helping combat dollar spot resistance, Nufarm says   "The unique and targeted activity that Pinpoint delivers against dollar spot is a boon to superintendents and their ongoing pursuit of pristine turf," said Steve Jedrzejek, marketing manager at Nufarm. "Pinpoint fits multiple spray programs from early season through late season wherever dollar spot control is needed."   Pinpoint, developed by Valent in conjunction with Nufarm, has been under field development with numerous university researchers since 2006   "Pinpoint provides powerful dollar spot control, provides excellent turf tolerance, and enhances the stewardship of disease management programs," said Jason Fausey, Nufarm's director of technical services.   Pinpoint is labeled for use on golf courses, athletic fields, residential and institutional lawns, public parks and recreational areas, as well as sod farms.   Pinpoint is a member of FRAC group 11 and is best used preventively in a rotational program. It provides an additional management option for dollar spot and is a rotation partner for other classes of chemistry such as Spectrum Succinate Dehydrogenase Inhibitors (SDHI) fungicides.  
  • For much of the past three decades, Scott Witte, CGCS, has worked diligently to convince people that golf courses are diverse ecosystems that offer more to their respective communities than simply an outlet for physical recreation. Golf courses, Witte says, also can provide wildlife habitat as well as diverse native plants that attract beneficial insects. It is a message he has taken to golfers and nongolfers alike since he became superintendent at Cantigny Golf near Chicago in 1995. For the past six years, Witte has leaned on an unlikely prop to help him make his case even further.   Recently, Witte teamed with Bayer Environmental Science to host a Feed A Bee educational event at Cantigny in suburban Wheaton. The two-day event, which included an educational tour of Cantigny's bee-friendly grounds and the many pollinator-specific programs under way there like Witte's Bee Barometer project, largely targeted media from outside the golf industry in what he called a blogger-engagement event.   The event attracted about a dozen representatives from various media outlets representing a variety of industries, including agriculture, golf and food production. It also presented Witte with an opportunity to share the work he has conducted the past six years on behalf of promoting healthy bee populations as well as his eco-friendly golf course-management programs.   "I wanted to open bloggers' minds about the beauty of golf's environmental opportunities," Witte said.    "The more people understand the logic of what is going on with bee populations and the importance of pollinators, the more they are an educated sounding board connected with good news about bees, not just the doom and gloom."   Tour stops included places like Honeybee Hill, where Witte maintains his beekeeping operation, native prairie gardens, the site of a future monarch feeding station and the Cantigny Golf Academy, where Witte has planted native grasses and pollinator-friendly plants. It also included a stop in a wooded area where native bee colonies have taken up residences in hollowed trees.    "I wanted to demonstrate how golf and bees can survive and thrive in harmony," Witte said.   "Education is important so the public doesn't see bees coming from a tree and think  'We have to kill these things.' "   The event also included a golf tournament that was rained out. Still, no one who registered wanted a refund of their $200 green fee since proceeds benefitted the Children's Discovery Museum in Normal, Illinois. Between green fees ($200 for each of 24 players) and corporate donations from the Robert R. McCormick Foundation, Kemper Sports and Bayer, Witte's event raised more than $12,000 for the museum.   For years, bees, like golf, have been under attack from multiple fronts. Weather patterns, parasites, disease, pesticides and loss of habitat have resulted in declining numbers of bees and a phenomenon known as colony collapse disorder, which was first documented in 2006, according to the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Thanks to the efforts of Witte and others, bees are on the rebound.   His Bee Barometer project helps promote and sustain healthy bee populations, which, he says provide a snapshot of the overall health and diversity of the surrounding environment he works so hard to provide at Cantigny, which is part of the 500-acre Cantigny Park.   "I love preaching the gospel of a healthy golf environment and diverse ecosystems on golf courses as awesome wildlife habitat," Witte said. "If we don't have an avenue to communicate with people, we'll never convince them of what we are doing for the environment."   The bee population, according to the U.S. Department of Agriculture dropped steadily from 1989 to 2008. For the past eight years, however, those numbers have been on the rise. There were 2.7 million honeybee colonies in 2014 (the most recent data available), which is a 20-year high, according to the USDA.   "The numbers for bees are relatively stable, and we have the data to back that up," Witte said. "Bees still face many stresses, and we're not out of the woods yet. There is more we can do, especially in golf, to provide forage and protect pollinators.   "Nobody loves a tragedy more than the media, and as easy as it would be to latch onto the sky-is-falling report, there needs to be more people involved in the good news of what is going on with pollinators and honey bees."   Witte has been promoting the environmental efforts of golf course superintendents for years.   Every year, he fashions rain barrels from recycled fertilizer drums and sells them to raise money to fund the Bee Barometer project and participates in a gardening event sponsored by a recycling awareness organization known as SCARCE (School & Community Assistance for Recycling and Composting Education). All along the way, he tells his story to anyone and everyone who will listen.   "I win those people over one at a time," he said. "Sometimes, I get people who look at me cross-eyed, because they are convinced golf can do no good in nature. You have to start a dialog with that segment and show them physically what you are doing.   "That is the goal of the Bee Barometer project and the Feed a Bee program. That is the message we want to get out, that golf is part of the solution, not part of the problem."  
  • When it comes to doing more with less, few have been able to match Matt Gourlay, CGCS, at Colbert Hills when it comes to pulling rabbits out of hats.
      Gourlay never has had a budget increase since he's been superintendent at the course at Kansas State University in Manhattan. In fact, his budget was slashed by 20 percent in 2015. Despite an ill-timed drought that plagued Manhattan last year, Gourlay's water-related expenditures came in $40,000 under budget in 2015. Since he was named superintendent at Colbert Hills a decade ago, Gourlay has cut spending on water by 71 million gallons.   Those were just some of the reasons Gourlay was named winner of the 2015 TurfNet Superintendent of the Year, presented by Syngenta. Whoever succeeds Gourlay will really have to be on top of his, or her, game.   With more than a month left in the nomination period, TurfNet has received nearly 400 nominations for more than 200 individual nominees.     TurfNet has been honoring superintendents like Gourlay with the Superintendent of the Year award since 2000. Since then, the Superintendent of the Year award has recognized nominees for their work in producing great playing conditions often during times of adversity. If this sounds like a superintendent you know, there still is is time to nominate him (or her) for this year's award.   Nominations can be submitted by golf course owners, operators, general managers, club members, golf professionals, vendors, distributors or colleagues, even by mothers and wives. The nomination deadline is Dec. 9.   Nominees are judged on their ability to excel at one or more of the following criteria: labor management, maximizing budget limitations, educating and advancing the careers of colleagues and assistants, negotiating with government agencies, preparing for tournaments under unusual circumstances, service to golf clientele, upgrading or renovating the course and dealing with extreme or emergency conditions.     The winner, who is selected by a panel of judges from throughout the golf industry, will be named at next year's Golf Industry Show in Orlando, and will receive a trip for two on the 2017 TurfNet golf trip to Ireland, courtesy of Syngenta.   To nominate a deserving superintendent for this year's award, visit the 2016 Superintendent of the Year Award nomination page. For more information, email John Reitman.   Previous winners of the award include Matt Gourlay, Colbert Hills, Manhattan, Kansas, 2015; Fred Gehrisch, Highlands Country Club, 2014, Highlands, North Carolina; Chad Mark, Kirtland Country Club, Willoughby, Ohio, 2013; Dan Meersman, Philadelphia Cricket Club, Philadelphia, 2012; Paul Carter, The Bear Trace at Harrison Bay, Harrison, Tennessee, 2011; Thomas Bastis, California Golf Club of San Francisco, South San Francisco, California, 2010; Anthony Williams, Stone Mountain Golf Club, Stone Mountain, Georgia, 2009, Sam MacKenzie, Olympia Fields Country Club, Olympia Fields, Illinois, 2008; John Zimmers, Oakmont Country Club, Oakmont, Pennsylvania, 2007; Scott Ramsay, Golf Course at Yale, New Haven, Connecticut, 2006; Mark Burchfield, Victoria Club, Riverside, California, 2005; Stuart Leventhal, Interlachen Country Club, Winter Park, Florida, 2004; Paul Voykin, Briarwood Country Club, Deerfield, Illinois, 2003; Jeff Burgess, Seven Lakes Country Club, LaSalle, Ontario, 2002; Kip Tyler, Salem Country Club, Peabody, Massachusetts, 2001; and Kent McCutcheon, Las Vegas Paiute Resort, Las Vegas, 2000.
  • Like many other golf courses throughout the Southeast, Ocean Palm Golf Course took a beating last week from Hurricane Matthew. And like many other courses nationwide, it also took a significant financial beating a decade ago. 
      In the wake of last week's storm, Matthew left behind a lot of debris and downed trees on the golf course in Flagler Beach, Florida, leaving many people anxious and ready to get to work to get Ocean Palm ready for play. The same could not have been said a year ago before a small group of investors got together to help resurrect Ocean Palm. Their story is a good news trend that is slowly sweeping across the golf landscape.   Of the net 900-plus golf courses the industry has shed since 2006, 160 have reopened, according to the National Golf Foundation, including 120 since 2012. That still leaves a net negative of about 800 courses, but the lightly reported rebound of courses that went from open to closed to open again, many under new ownership, is one of the industry's best-kept secrets.   So far this year, 16 courses in 13 states have opened their doors again after "prolonged closure" which is defined by NGF as at least one year. Three of those courses closed in 2015, four closed in 2014, two in 2013, two in 2012, one in 2011, two in 2009 and two closed all the way back in 2008.   For many of these courses, the climb back to solvency is a long, slow journey,    When the economy tanked in 2008, so did the Palm Golf Club at Forest Lakes in Sarasota, Florida. After nine years on the shelf, the course, which now is managed by Billy Casper Go, reopened in March under new owners Neal and Karen Neilinger, who bought the property five years ago. Part of the rebirth can be traced to the sale of 24 acres of vacant land to Canada's Mattamy Homes for new real estate development that, it is worth pointing out, is independent of the golf course. That development will include more than 150 condominiums, townhouses and villas, a clubhouse and pool area, dog park and open spaces.   A year after The Palms closed on Florida's gulf coast, so did Ocean Palm Golf Club on the other side of the state in Flagler Beach. The city eventually bought the property in 2013 in a foreclosure sale, hoping to repurpose it for something that could be consumed by the public. One of the ideas thrown out there was a dog park, but city officials never could come to a consensus.    Last year, cousins Duane McDaniel and Terrence McManus got together to come up with a way to save Ocean Palm for the sake of local golfers. Their plan, which was met with overwhelming enthusiasm from residents and local city officials alike, included a 40-year lease deal with the city that would include revenue-sharing with the city after three years of operation. The new management group also promised to put their own money into restoring the course, because they didn't want city officials feeling like they could poke their noses in to micromanage the the golf operation.   That plan was met with applause by concerned residents, and after nearly a year of preparations, the course reopened in June after being closed for seven years. That group has put its own money into restoring the course and getting it ready to open   Still, for every positive story like The Palms or Ocean Palm, there are many more that do not end quite so happily, proving that management philosophies, like current economic conditions, can determine which golf courses will become a statistic and which will remain viable businesses in the future.   
  • The emotional toll of the Ryder Cup can be an immense burden to shoulder.
      Host sites are named years in advance, so the run-up, with its obligatory restorations, projects and upgrades, seems to last forever, taking the superintendent on an impassioned roller coaster ride of emotional highs and lows. Then, after investing heart and soul into preparing a golf course for its place on the world stage, the moment flashes by in a single week, often leaving a superintendent physically and emotionally drained and psychologically unprepared to get back to the day-to-day grind of managing a golf course once the excitement is over.   When he was preparing for the 2004 Ryder Cup Matches at Oakland Hills near Detroit, Steve Cook, CGCS, sought advice from fellow superintendent Bill Spence, who prepped The Country Club in Brookline, Massachusetts, for the event in 1999.   "He told me to be ready for when the circus leaves town," Cook said. "The media's not calling anymore. Nobody is calling anymore. They've all moved on to the next guy.   "After it's over, nobody wants to be there. You don't want to be there, it's hard to keep your staff motivated and interested. And the members still expect to play the golf course in a week. You're on an emotional roller coaster."   Chris Tritabaugh, superintendent at Hazeltine National Golf Club in Chaska, Minnesota, site of this year's Ryder Cup, is still riding the high that comes at the crest of the hill. He's yet to experience the deflation that comes with riding through the valley.   For as much planning as he did for the physical aspects of the Ryder Cup, like course preparation, keeping projects on schedule and organizing volunteers, Tritabaugh spent much of the four years he has been superintendent at Hazeltine preparing for the mental aspect as well. And the only part of the tournament that didn't play out as he visualized it in his mind was the day after, when he expected that emotional downturn. Instead, the morning after the matches were over, Tritabaugh came back to the golf course seeking more.   "That moment hasn't come yet. I visualized this whole thing from volunteers, food, drink, the way the area would be set up, to the way the golf course would look, to the way we do our morning routines, the way we do our evening routine, even down to what I thought I would do the day after," Tritabaugh said. "And everything went exactly like I expected it with one exception, and that was the day after."  
    "...everything went exactly like I expected it with one exception, and that was the day after." -- Chris Tritabaugh
      Rather than stay home and sleep in, and no one would have blamed him if he did, Tritabaugh went to the course and made sure everything was just right for VIP play the following day.   "I wanted to do it, I didn't just want to take the day off, because I felt like I had to get back out there and continue to soak it all in until the very last moment," he said. "But as I drove around I didn't feel that way at all. I saw everything I wanted to see, I did everything I wanted to do. I touched every part of it. I don't have any regrets about it. There is no part of it starting from four years ago until the culmination of it this weekend that I feel like I missed."   Tritabaugh received an assist from Mother Nature with mostly benign conditions in the final run-up to the tournament and during the week of play. Curtis Tyrrell wasn't that lucky in 2012 when he was the host superintendent for the Ryder Cup at Medinah Country Club near Chicago.   Three successive years of record summer heat made getting ready for the matches a challenge, especially considering the amount of guest play at Medinah.   "The emotional part of it is not something people ask about, but it's a reality. It's hard to describe, because we all tell our own stories to go along with it," Tyrrell said. "Here, it was brutally hot. We had record heat in 2010 and in 2011. I remember in 2012 I said to myself that it couldn't get any worse than it had been the previous two years, but I was wrong. It got even hotter."   Weather was only part of the stress that Tyrrell faced four years ago. The real pressure came from the realization that his work at Medinah would reflect on the entire Chicago area.   "The build up was intense. From the day I stepped on the property I was focused on one week, and it was like that until it was over," he said. "There was a huge emphasis on what it meant for the City of Chicago."   Medinah management had made a commitment to allow about 13,000 rounds that summer before shutting down the course for final Ryder Cup preparations. As luck would have it, spring came early and so did opening day at Medinah.   "Holy crap; everybody was evaluating you. It was intense pressure and local scrutiny," he said. "People would come out to play and thought they would be getting Ryder Cup conditions all summer. If it didn't meet their expectations then word got out. It was not uncommon for the press to come out and say we were struggling."   Like Tritabaugh, Tyrrell, who was hired at Medinah in 2008, spent four years preparing for the Ryder Cup. It wasn't until after the first practice round was completed that he was able to relax.   That was when players were asked to publicly evaluate course conditions. All of them, to a man, gave Tyrrell and his crew two thumbs up.   "I was lurking around by the tent trying to hear what they were saying," Tyrrell said. "Someone asked me if I had heard what they said. I told them no, and that's when he told me they all said they loved it. That's when I was able to relax."   After years of preparation getting Medinah's Course 3 ready for the world's best players, Tyrrell and his crew moved from the Ryder Cup to a renovation of Course 1 the Monday after the tournament was over, so the letdown didn't come for him until the summer of 2013   "That's when things started to settle down and I had to internally deal with it," he said. "It was a terrible feeling, and I still don't like it today, because it was that much fun."   
    "It was a terrible feeling, and I still don't like it today, because it was that much fun." -- Curtis Tyrrell
      For Cook, the letdown was unexpected.   "After everyone has left, nobody wants to be there. You don't want to be there, and you're trying to keep your staff motivated," Cook said. "But your members still expect play the course in a week.    "I didn't realize the impact it would have on me. It was much greater than I expected, so I don't have the answers. It's just what comes with the event. You go from the front page to the back page. That's the way it works, it helps a little to know it's going to happen."   Tritabaugh sought Cook's wisdom on how to make the tournament run as smoothly as possible. That advice included keeping the circle of volunteers tight to control the process and to make sure the food they are served is top notch.   Tritabaugh followed Cook's advice on the food, but his army of volunteers ballooned with about 50 who had some sort of connection to Hazeltine and another 140 who did not.   That circle included assistant Ryan Moy and Jeff Johnson, superintendent of the nearby Minikahda Club.   "If I was the air traffic controller, Ryan was my dispatcher. He handled everything," Tritabaugh said. "And Jeff, he is my best superintendent friend by far."   Also at his side were brother, Adam, wife, Lindsay, and Hazeltine green chairman Reed Mackenzie, who was a scorer during the event.   "He takes that job pretty seriously, and we're both pretty quiet, so we didn't talk a lot," Tritabaugh said of his green chairman. "We watched a lot and I told him 'thank you for hiring me.'   "On Sunday, I walked the course with my wife and Jeff out ahead of play. I was able to spend time with everyone I wanted to spend time with."  
    "On Sunday, I walked the course with my wife and Jeff out ahead of play. I was able to spend time with everyone I wanted to spend time with."
      Although the post-Ryder Cup hangover has not affected Tritabaugh yet, it will eventually if history is an indicator.   Still, those who have ridden that roller coaster before say the view from the top of the hill was enough to just the feeling that comes when the ride is over.   "It was a career-defining moment to be part of something so big that required so much planning; to be involved in playing the game at a level you don't reach very often," Tyrrell said. "The feeling was the frustration of it being over. I wish there was another one to gear up for.    "The real thing for me to manage and deal with is how it affects you, your family and your friends, because it does. You own it with everything you are. You give up a lot of life to do something that special. It's an experience like I've never had, and I'd love to do it again."
  • In an effort to help growers in a variety of industries manage weed challenges more efficiently, the University of Tennessee has established its Weed Diagnostic Center.
      Developed in cooperation with the UT Office of AgResearch and UT Extension, the Weed Diagnostic Center was established to provide growers nationwide with diagnostic tests tailored to weeds in turf (including golf and sports turf), ornamentals, urban landscapes and crop production.   The UT Weed Diagnostic Center, which is believed to be the first of its kind, utilizes whole plant and molecular techniques to provide consumer and professional growers with services such as weed identification and herbicide-resistance screening, as well as bermudagrass off-type assessment. Results of all diagnostic tests also include research-based solutions for managing weeds in the field.    According to the folks at the University of Tennessee, there are many reasons why weeds should be tested.   > Proper identification is critical to successful weed control. > Diagnostic results allow managers to implement optimal management strategies. > Results allow managers to conserve labor, financial, and technological resources. > Resistance screening helps steward effective technologies for weed management.   Samples should be prepared in the same manner in which soil samples are submitted, and an online form also must be completed for each submission.   The diagnostics process is a multi-step program that can include: weed identification, off-type assessment and herbicide-resistance screening.   Weeds are identified based on morphological and botanical characteristics using fresh plant samples. Those not identified via traditional means will be recommended for molecular weed identification by sequencing the internally transcribed spacer region.   Desirable and potential off-type Bermudagrass samples are cultured until producing a minimum of five stolons with at least three nodes. Samples are characterized by measuring Internode length, stolon diameter, leaf length, and leaf width are measured using digital calipers.   Three different herbicide-resistance screens are offered including traditional whole plant testing, molecular analysis for target site mutations, as well as a new rapid diagnostic assay in agar culture that can provide information in seven to 10 days.    UT has all USDA and U.S. EPA APHIS permits necessary to accept weed submissions from all 50 states at any time of year.    Turnaround time for results will vary based on the test conducted. A basic weed identification only takes a few days while some of the more traditional resistance screens can take longer.    All diagnostic test results will come with a detailed report that provides recommendations for controlling the weed in the field, which are particularly useful for herbicide-resistance screens.  
  • Rain Bird offers full slate of training
      Rain Bird Training Services will conduct more than 70 irrigation training events throughout the country through May 2017. These classes are open to all irrigation professionals regardless of experience. All Rain Bird training classes count toward CEUs from the Irrigation Association.   Classes include three education tracks - Rain Bird Factory Trained classes, which provides training on installation, management and maintenance of all Rain Bird products; Rain Bird Academy, which provides instruction on general irrigation skills on products from various manufacturers; and Rain Bird Customized Training which provides customizable onsite training for professionals from medium-large operations.   Click here for the schedule.   Nominate a turf professional for OTF award
      The Ohio Turfgrass Foundation Professional of the Year Award will recognize one turf industry professionals who has made a significant difference in the turfgrass industry in Ohio.   Nominees for OTF's most prestigious award will be judged on willingness to assist others, leadership in developing new ideas and trends, professional and civic involvement and leadership, and service to the industry.   Nomination forms are available online. Nomination deadline is Oct. 15.   The winner will be recognized Dec. 6 during the keynote address at this year's OTF Conference and Show in Columbus.   Rounds played down almost 5 percent in August
      Year-over-year rounds played were down 4.6 percent nationwide in August compared with the same month last year, according to Golf Datatech's monthly rounds played report.   The big losses were recorded in flood-plagued Louisiana (down 46 percent), Arkansas (26 percent) and Mississippi (23 percent). Double-digit losses also were recorded in Alabama (15 percent); Illinois, Missouri and Texas (14 percent); North Dakota and South Dakota (13 percent); Delaware, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Maryland, Michigan, Nevada and Washington, D.C. (10 percent).   Year-to-date rounds played are up about 1 percent compared with the first eight months of 2015.   Rounds played in August were up in just 18 states, with the biggest increase of about 5 percent coming in Maine, New Hampshire, Utah and Vermont.  
  • Gannett Co. has acquired Golfweek from the Turnstile Media Group, the parent company of TurfNet.   Effective immediately, Golfweek joins Gannett's USA Today Sports Media Group. The acquisition includes Golfweek, Golfweek.com, Golfweek Custom Media and Golfweek's events division, which oversees the Golfweek's Best course-rater program.   Orlando, Florida-based Turnstile Media Group retains TurfNet, Professional Artist, a community newspaper division and The Golf Wire, all of which will continue to operate business as usual.   "The news that Golfweek was sold to Gannett should have no long-term effect on us at TurfNet," said TurfNet founder Peter McCormick. "Although owned by Turnstile Media Group for the past 15 years, TurfNet has always operated relatively autonomously. We are a profitable business entity with a proven product and long track record, and there's no reason for that to change."
  • To those who believe, as professional turf managers, they already are walking a fine line where irrigation is concerned, scientists at the University of Florida have some news: Chances are, you ain't seen nothing yet.
      "Water is the Achilles heel of the golf industry," said Bryan Unruh, Ph.D., professor of environmental horticulture at UF, during a recent educational event at the university's South Florida Research and Education Center in Fort Lauderdale. "It drives everything."   One need only look at the message the USGA is sending each year during the U.S. Open for proof.   "We are hoping to change players' perceptions," said USGA executive director Mike Davis during the 2015 U.S. Open at dried-down Chambers Bay in Washington. "For years, we have gone lush and plush. Players like that. They are used to it."   Although golfers like lush and plush, but just about everyone else knows that is an unsustainable model and the pressure to use less and less will only intensify.   Water-saving measures have been in place in Arizona and Nevada for years, and California's drought restrictions that were imposed in 2015 were well publicized. As access to usable water becomes more challenging in the years to come, those who grow finely managed turfgrass will fall under increasing scrutiny in a country where the average non-superintendent uses 80-100 gallons of potable water per day, according the U.S. Geological Survey, to do things like shower, brush their teeth and do laundry.   According to the USGS, there are about 332.5 million cubic miles of water on the planet. The amount of water present on earth has held relatively steady for "eons", said UF assistant professor Jason Kruse, Ph.D. In fact, the amount of water that falls in the form of precipitation outpaces the amount lost to evaporation each year by about 30 percent, representing a potential annual net gain of nearly 9,000 cubic miles, according to the USGS. Clearly, the problem is not availability of water, it's that so much of it is unusable in its current state.    Of that total volume of earth's available water, fresh water comprises only 2.5 million cubic miles. And only half of that is usable, with the rest is frozen atop mountains worldwide.   "We're not losing water," Kruse said during the two-day event for professional turf managers. "What is changing is where that water is located.   "We may never run out of water technically, but we're going to run out of good water. And that is going to increase the cost of water if we have to start desalination plants for drinking and living purposes. Price of water, or an inability to make coffee in the morning are going to affect how we use water in the landscape at some point."   The point UF researchers were illustrating is that there is a difference between availability of water and quality of water.   Kruse pointed to two examples to make his point - his native Idaho and his current home, Florida.   Southern Idaho receives most of its scant 10 or so inches of rain each year in a matter of weeks, not months.   "The aquifer where we pumped water from at the house I lived in was 650 feet down, so by time water made it to that aquifer, it was pretty clean," he said. "The problem was it was being pumped out through so many wells by farms in the area that it was draining quickly. Availability was the concern, not quality."   In Florida, the growing concern is water quality. It is estimated that as many as 1,000 people per day are moving to Florida, and the pressure that growth is placing on the state's system of underground aquifers is leading to saltwater intrusion on some occasions.    "What is reality is we may reach a point where our water use in the landscape is even more heavily scrutinized, which is already happening in places like California," he said.   "Availability of water sets the pace for how we manage a landscape."   Indeed. The United Nations says that by 2025 1.8 billion people will be living in areas under what it called "absolute water scarcity" and that two-thirds of the population will be living in water-stressed conditions.   For those same reasons, there is likely to be a push from within the golf industry to convince superintendents of the benefits of irrigating turf based on evapotranspiration. Although some are irrigating that way now, the majority do not.   Unruh suspects superintendents don't irrigate off of ET now because it is a shifting dynamic that changes daily based on factors like humidity, wind and sunlight.   "Uniformity of distribution is all over the place," said David Dore-Smith, superintendent at Copperleaf Golf Club in Bonita Springs, of ET-based irrigation. "I know superintendents who hand-water everything on greens."   The University of Florida recommends irrigating turf based on 70 percent of ET. Anything more that could push nutrients below the root level is wasteful.   "Sandy soils can't hold all that water. It goes right through," Unruh said, likening the soil's ability to consume to that of a greedy teenager.   "What happens when you give a teenager everything they want? They use it all," he said. "Overwatering turf is like giving that teenager everything they want, plus more, they're lazy and not much use."   Finally, water-use analogies in terms we can relate to.

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